One giant leap for the US green transition

For those outside renewable energy circles, the White House’s decision to green light the US’s first commercial-scale wind farm might have passed them by. 

But it is huge move and one that is expected to herald the roll out of offshore wind farms on the other side of the Atlantic.

One of the first things I was told when starting to cover the US offshore wind market was the strange fact that, despite having one of the largest number of turbines on land, only two small-scale demonstration projects have ever been approved in US waters.

The second of these only came onstream last summer, four years after the blades started turning at the first four years earlier. 

To say progress has been slow is somewhat of an understatement.

The granting of Vineyard Wind, off the coast of Massachusetts, approval to construct a 84-turbine site generating 800MW (enough to power around 400,000 homes) has been long in the waiting. 

This has been due to a number of factors, such as alleviating the concerns of fisheries and environmental groups, as well as the inevitable nimbyism.

However, the largest spanner in the works was a clear lack of will from the last US President to progress this technology and the renewable energy that it created. 

It was clear from Donald Trump making unfounded and frankly bizarre claims about the impact of wind turbines on public health that offshore wind did not have his support.

While oil and gas leases were handed out regularly, permits for offshore wind were rare occurrences. 

This delay led to the US waiting in the wings for more than four years, while across the Atlantic wind farms grew, thousands of jobs were created and electricity prices dropped.

It also meant that Vineyard Wind, a joint venture between Spanish and Danish developers, has had to cancel and re-tender for suppliers to build the wind farm. 

With these $billion projects, changes like these do not come cheap, and can knock investor confidence in the market, leading them to look elsewhere. 

The Biden administration finally greenlighting the project should provide the reassurance that offshore wind in the US is finally going ahead, bringing with in a wealth of economic benefits. 

Vineyard Wind alone is expected to create 3,600 jobs and generate around $200m in economic activity. 

But with nine further projects currently lined up for federal approval, the American Clean Power Association believes around 84,000 new roles could be created. 

This is just one economic benefit, along with revitalising port areas and investment in coastal communities that offshore wind is expected to bring. 

But, arguably, the biggest win, would be for the environment, with a new renewable energy source to meet the country’s growing electricity demand, which has the potential to further reduce the US’s reliance on fossil fuels. 

President Biden has set out an ambitious target of 30GW of offshore wind capacity created by 2030 alongside other measures to “green” the nation’s post-Covid economy.

In ten years’ time, Vineyard Wind will be seen as a key stepping stone on the US’s path to zero emissions.